謝孟媛初級文法III Unit6 連接詞 - Retire Note

謝孟媛初級文法III Unit6 連接詞

  

連接詞

第52課 講義初級文法III P66

連接詞的功能=>連接單字、片語或子句

(例2) Do you write with your rihgt hand or your left hand ?

(例3) I always rely on him when I am in trouble.

*補充：She was two-timed by her boyfriend.(她被她男友劈腿了)

連接詞種類

1.對等連接詞=>連接同詞性的單字、片語或子句

(1)and (和；並且；那麼)

(例3) Go straight, and you will see the restaurant on your right.

(2)but (但是)

(例1) The little fell down but didn't cry.

第53課 講義初級文法III P67

(3)or (或者；否則)

(例1) What would you prefer, coffee or tea?

• 祈使句，and(那麼)+主詞+動詞~
• 祈使句，or(否則)+主詞+動詞~

(例1) Go to the shop at once, or it will be closed.

(例2) Go to that bookstore, and you'll find foreign books.

(4)so (所以)=>只能連接兩個子句

(例1) Some people never think of the future, so they only use things once and throw them away.

*對等相關連接詞=>

• both~ and~(~和~兩者都)
• not only~ but also~(不僅~而且~)
• either~ or~(不是~ 就是~)

(例1) She hopes both to lose weight and shape up by jogging.

第54課 講義初級文法III P69

(例3) You can pay either in cash or by check.

2.從屬連接詞=>引導名詞子句或副詞子句

名詞子句=>由that或whether/if引導，在劇中當主詞、補語、受詞

(例1)

I know her name.

I know that she is Cathy.

副詞子句=>由when, if...等連接詞引導，和一般副詞一樣，表示時間、條件...等

(例1)

It snows in winter.

It snows when winter comes.

*特別注意副詞子句的時態表現

(例1) I don't know if my parents will come back home tomorrow.

(1)名詞子句=>that+主詞+動詞

當主詞

(例1)

She will come.

It is almost certain.

=>That she will come is almost certain

第55課 講義初級文法III P71

當補語=>放be動詞後，當主詞補語，that不可省略

(例1) The trouble is that I have no money with me.

當受詞=>放一般動詞後，當受詞，that可省略

(例2) I can't believe (that) he has made the same mistake three times.

*若有and、but..等連接兩that子句時，第1個that可省略，第2個that不可省略

(例1) Monther said (that) you stayed home and that you had to do all housework.

當同位語=>a rumor that+S+V及news that+S+V中的that子句和。a rumor /news 為同位語

(例1) I heard the news that a new student would join our class.

(2)名詞子句=>whether/if+主詞+動詞

當主詞

(例1) Whether he will come or not makes no difference.

=>It makes no difference whether he will come or not.

當補語

(例1) The question is whether I should buy it or rent it.

第56課 講義初級文法III P73

當受詞 =>whether+S+V當受詞可以等於if+S+V

(例1) He asked me whether/if it would be fine tomorrow.

(3)表示時間的副詞子句=>由after, as, before, since, until, till, when, while, as soon as等引導

(例5) While I was sleeping, there was noise outside.

=>There was noise outside while I was sleeping.

*while所引導的從屬子句常使用進行式

(4)表示地點的副詞子句=>由where引導

(例1) Where there is a will, there is a way.

(有志者事竟成)

(例2) Put it back where it was.

第57課 講義初級文法III P74

(5)表示[原因；理由]的副詞子句=>由because, since, as引導

語氣強弱because>since>as

*because和so不可同時出現

(例1) Because I was exhausted, I didn't go.

=I didn't go because I was exhausted.

=I was exhausted, so I didn't go.

*since(自從)，as(當~時候；雖然)

*下列情況必用because

(例1)

Why is he absent?

=>Because he is ill.

(例2) He is absent not because he is busy but because he is ill.

(6) 表示條件的副詞子句=>if

(例1) If you keep eating fast food, you'll taste the bitter fruits before long.

(7) 表示讓步的副詞子句=>thought, althought(雖然), whether~ or not(不論是否)

(例1) Thought is small, but I love it. After all, it is my homeland.

*as(雖然)

• 形容詞/副詞/名詞(前無冠詞)+as+S+V~, S+V~

(例1) Althought she is a teacher, she isn't patient with children.

=> Teacher as she is, she isn't patient with children.

(8)表示[結果；目的]副詞子句=>+>so~ that~(如此~以致於~) so that(所以)

(例1) It was so heavy that we couldn't move it.

=> It was too heavy for us to move.