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謝孟媛初級文法II Unit7 動詞 - Retire Note

謝孟媛初級文法III Unit7 介系詞

  

內容目錄

  • 介系詞的功能
  • 表示時間的介系詞
  • 表示地點的介系詞
  • 重要的介系詞

介系詞的功能

第58課 講義初級文法III P80

  • 當形容詞

    (例1) Look at the sentences on the blackboard.

  • 當副詞

    (例1) Wirte the sentences on the blackboard

表示時間的介系詞

(1) at/on/in (在~)

  • at+時刻、年齡、正午、半夜
  • on+特定的日期、星期~、~月~日
  • in+年、月、週、季節,早上、下午、晚上

(例1)

I'll see her in the afternoon.

I'll see her on Sunday afternoon.

(例2)

We went to the zoo in July.

We went to the zoo on July 3.

(例3)

They arrived in the morning.

They arrived on the morning of October 10.

(例4) She is at the age of 11.

(例5)

My English class beings at eight o'clock.

My English class beings in spring.

*時間名詞前加last(上~),next(下~),this(這~)時,不可再搭配介系詞

(例1) He's going to leave next week.

(例2) I've met him this morning.

(2)before(在~之前)/by(在~之前)

  • before =>指在某時間之前
  • by =>指動作完成的期限

(例1)

Please arrived at 10 o'clock.(請在10點抵達)

Please arrived by 10 o'clock.(請最晚10點抵達)

Please arrived before 10 o'clock.(請在10點前抵達)

(3)in(經過~之後)/within(在~之內)

  • in =>表示經過的時間
  • within =>表示在時間期限之內

(例1) I will be back in few days.

(例2) He will come back within an hour.

(4)for(持續)/during(在~期間)

  • for =>表示動作或狀態持續的時間長度
  • during =>表示在某段時間當中

(例1) They'll stay for a few days.

(例2) I'll take him to that place during his stay.

(5)from(從~)/since(從~)

  • from=>表示動作開始的時間點,常用於現在式、過去式、未來式
  • since=>表示動作從過去某時間開始,持續到現在,常用於現在完成式

(例1) He works from Monday to Friday.

(例2) I have been busy since yesterday.

表示地點的介系詞

(1)at/in

  • at=>表示確切的地點
  • in=>表示大範圍的地點

(例1) The train stopped at Taipei Station.

(例2) This book is published in Paris.

第59課 講義初級文法III P84

  • in+都市名
  • on+街名
  • at+門牌號碼

(例1)

He lives in Taipei.

He lives on Roosevelt Road.

He lives at 75 Roosevelt Road.

(2) on、above、over(在~上)/under、below(在~下)

  • on=>表示一樣東西指接觸另一樣東西的部分表面
  • above=>表示不接觸而高於表面,亦可用over
  • over=>表示接觸到某表面的全部
  • under<=>over,below<=>above

(例1) There is book on the desk.

Look at the picture on the wall.

There are several flies on the ceiling.

(例2) She held an umbrella over(=above) her daughter's head.

(例3) He spread a cloth over the table.

(例4) The basketball is under the chair.

(例5) There is usually a supermarker below a department store.

(3) between、among(在~之間)

  • between=>在兩者之間
  • among=>在三者或以上之間

(例1) Mr. White sat between his wife and daughter.

(例2) She failed to find his little brother among the crowd.

(4)near(在~附近),by(在~旁),beside(在~旁),around(在~四周)

  • by=>表示前後、左右的位置關係
  • beside=>表示左右的位置關係

(例1) There is a good restaurant near my house.

(例2) He was sitting by the window.

(例3) Nobody wanted to sit beside Nancy.

(例4) There are many students around the tree.

(5) in front of, in the front of(在~之前)/in back of, in the back of(在~之後)

behind<=>in front of

(例1) There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.

(例2) There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.

(例3) He Stood behind his master.

*behind(在~之後)=>表示時間、地點

*before(在~之前)=>表示時間

(例1) A car has stopped before the store.(X)

A car has stopped in front of the store.(O)

(6)along(沿著)、across(穿越)、through(通過)

(例1) Let's take a walk along the river.

(例2) He went across the street.

(例3) Our tain is running through a tunnel.

(7)from(從~),to(到~),for(前往~),toward(朝著~)

(例1) She went to the station.

She went toward the station.

(例2) They've left for England.

(例3) We started from Taipei.

第60課 講義初級文法III P89

(8)into(向~裡面),out of (在~之外)

(例1) Mary hurried into her room.

(例2) I jumped out of the bed.

重要的介系詞

(1)in

  • 在~(地) eg. Tom live in New York.
  • 在~(時) eg. I have never seen snow in my life.
  • 在~(時)之後 eg.She will get well in a week or so.
  • 用~(語言、材料) eg.Sign your name in English.
  • 在~(狀態中) eg. I am always in good health.
  • 穿戴著~ eg. I don't like the man in the red tie.

*ground 室外地板

(2)on

  • 在~上面 Don't sit on the floor.
  • 在~(時) I was born on October 3.
  • 在~(狀態中) The house is on fire.
  • 關於 Miss Wang read a book on animals.
  • 依靠~(方法;手段) Chinese live on rice.

(3)at

  • 在~(地) I met him at the corner of the street.
  • 在~(時) Our school begins at 8:20.
  • 對準~(目標) The boy threw the bone at the dog.
  • 聽到、看到(表原因) I was surprised at the news.
  • 以~(速度、溫度、價格) I sold my car at the high price.

(4)for

  • ~之久(表時間) I have been here for three hours.
  • 以~而言 The girl is tall for her age.
  • 給~(人) The oresent is for you.
  • 前往 I took the train for Keelung.
  • 由於;為了(表原因) The town is famous for its old castle.

(5)to

  • 到~(地) All roads lead to Rome.
  • 到~(時) We stayed there to the end of May.
  • 對~(表動作的對象) Listen to me.
  • 為了~(表目的) To your health.

(6)with

  • 和~一起 Mix the suagar with the eggs.
  • 用~(工具) He cut down the tree with an ax.
  • 附有~ I saw a house with a red roof.
  • 關於 What's the matter with you?
  • 在~身上/手上 I have little money with me.
  • 隨著 Languages grow and change with time.

(7)of

  • ~的 The door of the room is open.
  • ~當中的 She is one of the members.
  • 以~構成 She is wearing a dress of silk.
  • ~之量的 I drank a cup of at breakfast.

(8)by

  • 在~旁邊 The house is by the roadside.

  • 被~(表行為者) She was bitten by a dog.

  • 用~(方法;手段) I made money by selling fruit.

  • 不晚於~(表期限) I have to be home by ten o'clock.

  • 乘坐~(交通工具) We go to school by bus.(=on a bus)

  • 以~為標準 What time is it by your watch?

  • 只差~(表差異或程度) He is older than I by two years.

    =>He is two years older than I.

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